2Collab articles

Potential market niches for biomass energy with CO2 capture and storage - Opportunities for energy supply with negative CO2 emissions

The paper presents an analysis of biomass energy with CO2 capture and storage (BECS) in industrial applications. Sugar cane-based ethanol mills and chemical pulp mills are identified as market nich...

Potential market niches for biomass energy with CO2 capture and storage - Opportunities for energy supply with negative CO2 emissions

Assessing the energy potential of agricultural bioenergy pathways for Canada

We assessed agricultural bioenergy pathways using existing and newly developed life cycle energy analyses so as to compare the potential of these pathways to replace fossil fuel in Canada. Energy g...

Carbon mitigation by biofuels or by saving and restoring forests?

The carbon sequestered by restoring forests is greater than the emissions avoided by the use of the liquid biofuels....

Options for including land use in a climate agreement post-2012: improving the Kyoto Protocol approach

Many pathways have been proposed for including land use in a post-2012 climate agreement. Several involve new accounting structures which are quite different from the rules established in the Marra...

Clearing the way for reducing emissions from tropical deforestation

Carbon emissions from tropical deforestation account for about 25% of all anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions but cannot be credited under current climate change agreements. In the discussions a...

The carbon benefits of fuels and forests [4]

...

Production and characterization of bio-oil and biochar from rapeseed cake

New and renewable fuels are the major alternatives to conventional fossil fuels. Biomass in the form of agricultural residues is becoming popular among new renewable energy sources, especially give...

Hydrogen production via biomass gasification—A life cycle assessment approach

The use of hydrogen as an alternative fuel is gaining more and more acceptance as the environmental impact of hydrocarbons becomes more evident. Hydrogen production is accomplished by steam reformi...

Reaction coordinate analysis for ß-diketone cleavage by the non-heme Fe2+-dependent dioxygenase Dke1

Acetylacetone dioxygenase from Acinetobacter johnsonii(Dke1) utilizes a non-heme Fe2+ cofactor to promote dioxygen-dependent conversion of 2,4-pentanedione (PD) into methylglyoxal and acetate. An o...

The surface science of titanium dioxide

Titanium dioxide is the most investigated single-crystalline system in the surface science of metal oxides, and the literature on rutile (110),...

Using biomass: A system perturbation analysis

As a consequence of current energy and climate policies, several regional and federal measures are being implemented in Belgium to encourage the utilization of biofuels for automotive applications....

Competitiveness of terrestrial greenhouse gas offsets: Are they a bridge to the future?

Activities to reduce net greenhouse gas emissions by biological soil or forest carbon sequestration predominantly utilize currently known, readily implementable technologies. Many other greenhouse ...

Barriers to improvements in energy efficiency*1

The growing recognition of the potential energy savings available through improvements in energy efficiency has sparked an increased interest in the actors involved in implementing these improvemen...

Policy scenarios for energy efficiency improvement in industry

We have investigated three policy scenarios, entailing different degrees of commitment to improve energy efficiency to address the energy, economic and environmental challenges faced by the US indu...

Asian energy and environmental policy: Promoting growth while preserving the environment

Asia has experienced spectacular economic growth over the past two decades. However, this economic progress has come at a high cost. It has led to unprecedented environmental consequences. So this ...

Policy-making under uncertainty: Commentary upon the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme

The authors undertake a critical assessment of the intellectual foundations supporting the new European Union (EU) Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS, or the Scheme), the cornerstone of polices designed...

Improving policy making through government–industry policy learning: The case of a novel Swedish policy framework

Climate change poses an unprecedented challenge for policy makers. This paper analyzes how industry sector policy expertise can contribute to improved policy making processes. Previous research has...

Biofuels in the U.S. – Challenges and Opportunities

Biofuels are of rapidly growing interest for reasons of energy security, diversity, and sustainability – as well as for greenhouse gas mitigation. In recent years, the U.S. has enacted regulations ...

The marginal cost of CO2 emissions

...

Importance of biodiesel as transportation fuel

The scarcity of known petroleum reserves will make renewable energy resources more attractive. The most feasible way to meet this growing demand is by utilizing alternative fuels. Biodiesel is defi...

Co-utilisation of mineral and biological wastes in mine site restoration

This paper proposes a new approach to the restoration of contaminated land, particularly former colliery and demolition sites. Mineral mass is employed in designed formulations with organic wastes ...

Controlled low-strength materials containing waste precipitates from mineral processing

The aim of this study was to investigate the novel utilisation of waste precipitates derived from the neutralisation of effluents from mineral processing in controlled low-strength materials (CLSM)...

Barriers to implementing cleaner technologies and cleaner production (CP) practices in the mining industry: A case study of the Americas

In the Americas, years of unregulated mining and mineral processing activities have not come without high environmental costs. For decades, large volumes of untreated wastes have been discharged in...

Assessing the energy potential of agricultural bioenergy pathways for Canada

Carbon mitigation by biofuels or by saving and restoring forests?

The carbon sequestered by restoring forests is greater than the emissions avoided by the use of the liquid biofuels....

Options for including land use in a climate agreement post-2012: improving the Kyoto Protocol approach

Including land use, land-use change, and forestry in future climate change, agreements: thinking outside the box

This paper presents a framework that encompasses a full range of options for including land use, land-use change, and forestry (LULUCF) within future agreements under the United Nations Convention ...

Clearing the way for reducing emissions from tropical deforestation

Bio-energy in the black

At best, common renewable energy strategies can only offset fossil fuel emissions of CO2 - they cannot reverse climate change. One promising approach to lowering CO2 in the atmosphere while produci...

"Carbon-Money Exchange" to contain global warming and deforestation

This paper builds a basic theory of "Carbon-Money Exchange" in which carbon as currency in nature's household (ecosystems) and money as currency in humankind's household (economy) are exchanged jus...

The carbon benefits of fuels and forests [4]

...

The amount of carbon released from peat and forest fires in Indonesia during 1997

Tropical peatlands are one of the largest near-surface reserves of terrestrial organic carbon, and hence their stability has important implications for climate change1-3. In their natural state, lo...

Production and characterization of bio-oil and biochar from rapeseed cake

Competitiveness of terrestrial greenhouse gas offsets: Are they a bridge to the future?

Including land use, land-use change, and forestry in future climate change, agreements: thinking outside the box

Clearing the way for reducing emissions from tropical deforestation

Stabilization wedges: Solving the climate problem for the next 50 years with current technologies

Humanity already possesses the fundamental scientific, technical, and industrial know-how to solve the carbon and climate problem for the next half-century. A portfolio of technologies now exists t...

Ramp-up of CO2 capture and storage within Europe

This paper investigates the role of CO2 capture and storage (CCS) technologies as part of a portfolio for reducing CO2 emissions from the European electricity generation system until the year 2050....

Energy resources and use: The present situation and possible paths to the future?

Recent estimates and forecasts of the oil, gas, coal resources and their reserve/production ratio, nuclear and renewable energy potential, and energy uses are surveyed. The impact of the rapidly gr...

Influence of using household biogas digesters on household energy consumption in rural areas—a case study in Lianshui County in China

Development of household biogas digesters in rural areas and integrated use of agricultural wastes has changed the structure of rural household energy consumption and greatly increased the applicat...

Global biomass fuel resources

An overview of biomass for production of densified biofuels on a global scale is given. Bioenergy production as heat, electricity, and liquid fuels represents about 14% of the World's primary energ...

Evaluation of marine algae as a source of biogas in a two-stage anaerobic reactor system

The marine algae are considered an important biomass source; however, their utilization as energy source is still low around the world. The technical feasibility of marine algae utilization as a so...

Public policy and biofuels: The way forward?

The use of biofuels has been given much attention by governments around the world, especially in increasingly energy-hungry OECD nations. Proponents have argued that they offer various advantages o...

Hydrogen production via biomass gasification—A life cycle assessment approach

Energy storage — a key technology for global energy sustainability

The quality of life today is dependent upon access to a bountiful supply of cheap energy. For a sustainable future, the energy should be derived from non-fossil sources; ideally, it should also be ...

A total energy system of fuel upgrading by drying biomass feedstock for cogeneration

Emissions of greenhouse gases, such as CO2, need to be greatly reduced to avoid the risk of harmful climate changes. One way to mitigate emissions is switching fuels, from fossil fuels to renewable...

Palm oil: Addressing issues and towards sustainable development

The quest for renewable energy has intensified since the escalating price of crude petroleum in the recent years. Renewable energy such as biodiesel has the potential to replace petroleum-derived t...

Renewable energy from palm oil – innovation on effective utilization of waste

Protecting the environment has been the priority of many sectors in our endeavor to ensure sustainable development. Implementation of green energy development based on the use of biomass is in the ...

Energia da glicerina

Pesquisadores da UFPE identificam, no esterco bovino, bactérias que transformam a glicerina, uma das sobras da produção de biodiesel, em gás metano que pode ser utilizado para a geração de eletrici...

Renewable energy from palm oil – innovation on effective utilization of waste